Safety-lamp.



V. SZAMIER. SAFETY LAMP. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9, 1913.

Patented July 28, 1914.

THE NORRIS ErERs co, PHOTO-LITHO.. WAS'HINGTDN, D c.

VINCENTE SZAMIEB, OF TERRYVILLE, CONNECTICUT.

1 SAFETY-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 28, 1914.

Application filed January 9, 1913: Serial No. 740,902.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Vrnonurn SzAMmn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Terryville, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Safety- Lamps, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to improvements in fluid-burning lamps, and more particularly to fluid-burning lamps of the so-called safety type. Its object is to provide a lamp of the character above indicated which shall be simple and inexpensive as regards construction; durable, efficient and .reliable in practical service; which shall embody features of construction whereby is automatically effected, under adverse conditions of the lamp, the practical isolation of the wick thereof from the main body of the fluid contained within its reservoir; and. which shall possess certain well-defined advantages over prior analogous constructions.

The invention consists in the combinations, details and parts whereby, together with the novel disposition and relative arrangement of said parts, the attainment of the foregoing object is rendered practicable, all of which will be hereinafter more specifically referred to and set forth in the appended claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein similar reference-numerals denote like parts throughout the respective views, of which:

Figure 1 is a view showing, in elevation, a safety lamp embodying my said improvements, a portion of the wall of the reservoir. with its jacketed neck, and of the interior wick-casing, being broken away. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the valved, interior wiclccasing, detached, the scale being enlarged. Fig. 3 is an enlarged, detail sectional view of the lower, valved portion of the wiclccasing, the section being taken cen trally and vertically thereof, as along the line iv -a2 of Fig. 2. f

In carrying out my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, I make use of a reservoir or font 2, which may be constructed-of glass, metal, or any other suitable material, said reservoir being provided at its top with the usual neck 2', and supported by any appropriate standard or base 2". V

3 denotes the customary jacket, taking over and inclosing, in the usual manner, the neck 2, said jacket being interiorly threaded to permit the attachment thereto of the burner 3.

There is let endwise into the reservoir 2,

by way of its neck aforenamed, a wick- V casing 3", here shown as being tubular in cross-section, and secured at its upper portion to the interior wall of the neck 2 by means of cement 4, although any other suitable fastening element or elements may be availed of to this end. The wick-casing 3 is open only at its top, to receive the wick 4, which depends interiorly therealong from theburner 3, and at or near its bottom, to establish communication between its interior and the interior of the reservoir 2, the wall of said casing being intact, accordingly, from its top to a point at or near its bottom.

Where a lamp or the like is fitted with the foregoing safety device or attachment, the level of the fluid contents of its wickcasing 3 will register with the level of the fluid contents of its general reservoir 2, thereby, when such lamp occupies an upright position, practically sealing, at all times, the casing 3" against the inrush of air by way of its open top, substantially isolating the wick 4 from the contents of the general reservoir aforenamed, and accordingly preventing the explosion of such lamp. The foregoing applies also when the lamp shall have been upset, accidentally or otherwise, providing, under such adverse conditions, the contents of the reservoir of the lamp is suflicient to cover the wick-casing 3 or the contents of said wick-casing shall chance to be sufiicient to seal the same against the inrush of air interiorly therealong. Accordingly, to insure the effectual sealing of the casing 3", particularlywhen the lamp shall have been tipped to a position beyond the horizontal, and irrespective of the volume ofthe fluid contents of the reservoir 2, or the casing 3, I provide the latter, at or near its bottom, with an annular valve-seat 4", the same, by preference, being situated within said casing, and formed integral therewith by annularly insetting the wall thereof, as at the point 5,

and as clearly illustrated in the drawing.

5'- denotes an independently-operable gravity valve, out under marginally at an inclination downwardly from its circumferential edge to a point along its bottom suitably removed from its axis, to provide space, accordingly, for the occupancy or passage, between said valve and that portion ciently removed downwardly from itsseat- 1- to provide more or. less ofan annularpassage, 6, by way of. which communication 1s established between the interior of the reservoir 2 and the interior of the casing 3" more or. less of the contents of the passing into the interior of Wardly therefrom, holding the valve 5 thus slightly removed from its seat-4",although in this connection I purpose cutting away at suitable intervals the, lower circumferential-margin of the, casing 3, toform, integral with said casing and at. suitable intervals circumferentially along its lower edge, valve-retaining. tabs 6, which are collectively turned inwardlytoward the axis of said valve, and which take underthe same, respectively, at theunder, inclined marginthereof, all as clearlyv illustrated in the drawing.

The total area of the passage 6, when open, is materially less than the'total area aforenamed provided by inclining'the under margin of the valve 5, asstated, and pronouncedly so where said valve is dished or concaved centrally at. its under face, also as above stated. Hence, during any tilting action of a lamp. fittedwith my improved safety attachment, the pressure of. such volume'of the fluid contents ofxthereservoir 2,.asmay seekto pass between the valve 5 and that portionof. the bottomof saidreservoir immediately. thereunder, will be materially greater thanv the pressure, against the opposite. or: active face of said. valve by such, lesser volume of the contents of said reservoir, asmay seek toenter the casing. 3, by way of the passage 6, the closure,

the latter, or outautomatically, of the valve 5 against its seat 4, being, accordingly, strongly: induced, although said lamp may not have been tilted fully into a horizontal position. Again, upon said lamp being tilted or. upset in amanner to assume-a position more orv less beyond the horizontal, valve5, evenif unaided by any volume of the contents of the reservoir 2, as above defined, will automatically, by

its own gravity, seek and en:

gage its seat at", thus efiectively preventing,

the entrance of air into the reservoir 2, b

way of the casing, 3", as from the top thereof, and this irrespective of whether or not the contentsof t-hereservoir 2 be of such former.

accordingly; and for volume as to cover the casing 3", or the latter contain such volume of fluid contents as would efiectually seal the interior thereof, all when said lamp occupies its said upset posit-ion. Accordingly, under the foregoing conditions, the wick 4 being wholly isolated from the contents of the general reservoir 2, the entrance of air into said reservoir, "byway of said casing, being wholly precluded, explosion of the lamp, when fitted with my improved safety device or attachment, becomes wholly obviated.

The casing 3 is formed from any suitable material, preferably metal in thin sheetform, and the valve 5 is also formed from any suitable material, as metal, porcelain, or the like.

In the absence of an adequate vent for the reservoir 2, the same may be filled by way of. the usual exterior nozzle, as 6", and the latter may be closed by the usual cap, as 6'.

It will be seen that my improved safety lamp is well adapted for the purposesfor which it is intended, and further that the same may be modified to some extent, particularly as regards the manner in which valve-seat.4 is provided, the general form of the. valve 5, and minor details of the general construction, without departing from the scope ofthe appended claims.

I claim:

1. The combination. with a reservoir and an oil-burner,.of a wick-casing and an independentlyroperable valve, said wick-casing having tabs formed thereon and provided with an interior valve-seat, said valve being held, through the medium of said tabs, in cooperative relation to said valve-seat, with substantially. the whole of its lower; face exposed to the direct action thereon of. the fluid contents of said reservoir, and commimication being established laterally between said wick-casing and said reservoir and; automatically controlled by the'valve aforenamed upon the reservoir being tipped.

2. The combination-with a reservoir and an oilb urner,.of a wick-casing and an independently-operable valve, said wick-casing having tabs formed thereon and provided with an interior valve-seat formed integral therewith, said valve being held, through the medium of said'tabs, in cooperative relation to said valve-seat, and communication between said wick-casing and said reservoir being duly established and automatically controlled by the valve aforenamed'upon the reservoir being tipped.

3. The combination with a reservoir and an oil-burner, of 'a wick-casing, and an independentlyroperable valve, said wick-casing; having tabs formed thereon and pr0- vided'with an interior valve-seat formed by annularly. insetting the wall thereof, said valve being held, through the medium of said tabs, in cooperative relation to said valve-seat, and communication between said wick-casing and said reservoir being duly established and automatically controlled by the valve aforenamed upon the reservoir being tipped.

4. The combination with a reservoir and an oil-burner, of a wick-casing and an independently-operable valve, said wick-casing having tabs formed thereon and provided with an interior valve-seat, said valve being held, through the medium of said tabs, in cooperative relation to said valve-seat and having its lower face recessed and exposed to the direct action thereon of the fluid contents of said reservoir, communication between the latter and said wick-casing being duly established and automatically controlled by the valve aforenamed upon the reservoir being tipped.

5. The combination with a reservoir and,

an oil-burner, of a wick-casing and an independently-operable valve, said wick-casing having tabs formed thereon and provided with an interior valve-seat formed by annularly insetting the wall thereof, said valve being held, through the medium of said tabs, in cooperative relation to said valve-seat and having its lower face recessed and exposed to the direct action thereon of the fluid contents of the reservoir aforenamed, and communication being established laterally between said wick-casing and said reservoir and automatically controlled, upon the latter being tipped, by the valve aforenamed.

VINOENTE SZAMIER.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH O. GUILFOILE, NELLIE PRISARAGE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0." 

